Interactive Phun Curriculum - Recently Updated Pages

Mass, weight and Volume

fb26674 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 15:56:32 CST

Definitions
Weight- the force that gravitation exerts upon an object

Mass-the quantity of matter in an object

Volume-the three-dimensional space occupied by an object.

Fun activity for mass, weight, and volume

Notes/Explanation:

This lady has a
lot of weight and mass.

The amount of space occupied by an object is called its volume. To find the volume you measure its length, width, and height and then multiply the three numbers and their units together. In measuring a liquid's volume, you are indicating the capacity of the container that holds that amount of liquid. A table-tennis ball and a golf ball have about the same volume. But if you pick them up, you notice a difference. The golf ball has more mass. Mass is a measurement of the quantity of matter in an object. The symbol W stands for the weight. You can find gravitational force, or weight, using Newton's second law, as follows: Because the gravitational force is the same as the weight and the acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 9.8 m/s/s, this equation can be written as follows: In other words, a mass of 1 kg weighs 1 kg X 9.8 m/s?, or 9.8 N. Weight and mass are not the same. Weight is a force, and mass is a measure of the amount of matter an object contains. However, weight and mass are related. The greater an object's mass is, the stronger the gravitational force between the object and Earth is. So the more mass an object has, the more it will weigh at the same location. Objects can have different weights, depending on what's pulling on them. For example, an astronaut weighing about 480 N on Earth would weigh only about 80 N on the Moon. Does this mean an astronaut on the moon would have less mass than on Earth? The answer is no, the mass of an astronaut would be unchanged. His weight is less than on Earth because the Moon has less mass and exerts a weaker gravitational force.

On planet earth, if a brick has a density of 80kg/cm3 and a volume of 60cm3, what is the mass?

On planet earth, if a solid rectangular cube has a length of 12, a width of 4, and a height of 3, what is the volume of the rectangle?

On planet earth, Bill has a mass of 200Kg after visiting the Chinese buffet his initial mass was 150Kg by how much did his weight change?

200Kgx9.8ms=1960N 150Kgx9.8ms=1470N 1960N-1470N=490N

Units
Mass- Kilograms

Volume- Liters

Weight- Newton’s

Everyday examples:
Mass- the mass of things (Ex: weight on Earth vs. another planet)

Volume-Buying containers of liquid (Ex: Gallon of milk, quart of apple juice)

Weight-weighing your self (Ex: weighing in Kg. or lbs.)

Formulas for calculating the weight, mass, and volume of objects:

This is why fat people
dont bungee jump, they
have to much mass for
gravity to pull them down with.

Velocity

kc29463 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 15:44:23 CST

1. The rate at which something happens
2. The rate at which an object changes its position
3. Rate of change of displacement
4. A physical quantity of an objects motion

An everyday example of velocity would be driving a car or turning a corner.

Units- m/s2

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS- At what velocity is Mr. Hot Mess traveling to get to Mrs. Hot Mess’ house if her house is 24 km away and it takes him 3 hours?

At what velocity is the elevator traveling if it takes 27.38 seconds to get to the 60th floor from the 1st floor if the distance between the two is 219 meters?

Calculating Heat of Vaporization

ss20131 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 15:43:08 CST

Definition: The energy required to transform a given quantity of a substance into a gas or back into a liquid.

Explanatioln/Notes: The amount of energy it takes to transform a liquid into a gas or back into a liquid.

Formula: Q=M(Hv)

Units:

Q=Heat
M=Mass
Hv=Heat of vaporization
J=Joules (energy)

Everyday Example: When water boils into steam in a teakettle

Sample Problem:
Mass= 5g Hv = 2260 J/g
Q=M(Hv)
Q=5g(2260 J/g)
Q=11300 J

(white board video)

Wikipedia Article

Charles Law

sb25914 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 15:40:26 CST

Definition: Charles Law: Relating the volume and temperature of an ideal gas held at a constant pressure

Explanation: As Temperature increases volume increases. As Temperature decreases volume Decreases

Formula:

Units:
V = Volume
T = Temperature
(if temperature is in celcius you have to convert to kelvin)
Kelvin = 273 + C

Everyday Example:
When warm soda sits in your car to long it will explode because of the built up pressure caused by the heat.

Sample Problem:
If you took a baloon that was at 7 degrees (with a 1 liter volume) and heated it to 19 degrees what would its new volume be?

(White Board Video)
http://eanes.tx.schoolwebpages.com/education/components/docmgr/default.php?sectiondetailid=6107&catfilter=1574&timestamp=1166218777#showDoc

Want a link?
http://www.chem.csus.edu/gaslaws/charles.html

Chemical Properties and Changes

rs22478 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 15:14:13 CST

Chemical Property – A Chemical Property is a characteristic of a substance that indicates whether or not it could not undergo a certain chemical change
An example of a chemical property is the ability to burn.
Chemical change- A change from one substance to another is a Chemical change.

You can identify a chemical change by:
-smell
-if a new substance is produced
- color change
- heat
- bubbles
- solids form in liquids

Moldy Bread

Sunlight is an everyday example of chemical change. The hydrogen gas burning is an example of nuclear fusion.

Sun Flare

Links: www.ric.edu/ptiskus/chemical/

Videos

cj27202 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 11:50:53 CST

Achimedes Law Video

Simple Machines

cg28313 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 11:41:03 CST

Simple Machines!
by Colton Gentry, And Taylor Kroll

Definition of Simple Machines: A Simple Machine is a device such as a lever or pulley; a machine with out moving parts(A.M.H.D.)

Notes that we found about Simple Machines: You can find Simple Machines in your everyday life. Some schools, go out to a playground and look for as many Simple Machines as possible in one hour. They are always able to find numerous amounts of them. For example, stairs to get up to the top of the playground structure, slides are incline plains, the pulleys that get a bucket up to the top of the structure, a wheel chair ramp for the elderly or disabled. These are just some examples of simple machines that you see every day and use every day. i hope that this has helped you in your learning of simple machines.

The formulas for Simple Machines: MAD=Px

Units:

an inclined plane

This is a great link that you can use!
just click here! and go to search then type in simple machines and there are numerous problem that you can test on, and there are a lot of pictures!

Sample Problem- a pulley lifts 20 grams of chocolate 30 meters into the building.the gravity is regular. Find the work.

scroll down the page until you see the Simple Machines wmv.click to wach

link

js20017 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 11:24:32 CST

www.solomon.physics.sc.edu/~tedeschi/demo/demo21.html

http://eanes.tx.schoolwebpages.com/education/components/docmgr/default.php?sectiondetailid=6107&catfilter=1594&timestamp=1166203429#showDoc

Acceleration

wr19946 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 11:21:41 CST

AccelerationNotes:
When an object's velocity changes, it accelerates. Acceleration shows the change in velocity in a unit time. Velocity is measured in meters per second, m/s, so acceleration is measured in (m/s)/s, or m/s2, which can be both positive and negative.
An object falling has an acceleration of 9.8 m/s/s.
wiki

The man on the skateboard is gradually accelerating
because he is changing velocity.
Formulas:

-

An everyday example of acceleration is a car speeding up.

Laboratory Equipment

dc19891 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 11:19:32 CST

Beaker- a container like a cup thats used to measure that may be heated. Graduated Cylinder- Used to measure volume. Erlenmeyer Flask- looks like a wedding dress, measures volume and may be heated. Test Tube- A tube used to test experiments in. Teste Tube Holder- used to hold the test tube. Tongs- used to pick up and hold stuff. 10cm Ruler-a small ruler used to measure things. Wire Guaze-Used to spread the heat of the flame.

Explanation and Notes: Laboratory equipment is very important to conduct a science experiment period. Also it makes the labs safer by using the right equipment.

Units: There are many different units used in laboratory equipment; however not all have units. The beaker, graduated cylinder, and the erlenmeyer flask uses mL. The ruler uses cm to measure things.

Website: LAB EQUIPMENT

White Board Video:Lab Equipment Video

Calculating Heating Curve of Water

kh20004 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 11:17:49 CST

Heating Curve Diagram
By. Alastair, Alex W, and Keith!!!

The heating curve diagram shows the process of water being heated or cooled. For instance if you have water frozen at -10 degrees celsius and heat it to 0 degrees celsius it will stay at 0 degrees until it is completely melted. Then the water will stay liquid until you raise the temperature of the water to 100 degrees where it will start to evaporate and that will create water in the evaporated state called steam. Then that steam can be heated and it will not change the state of it. Short video of how its done!
The graph is easy to show how much energy is needed to heat a substance to a certain temperature. You need to make sure that when you are going from a negative temperature to 0 degrees you need to make sure you use the formula Q=mc∆t and then when you reach the flat line use the formula Q=mHf because there is no change in temperature. Then the next formula is Q=mHv and then then you will use the first formula you used to find how much heat it takes for the last slope. Then you use the formula Q=mc∆t.Then the next formula is Q=mHv and then then you will use the first formula you used to find how much heat it takes for the last slope.

An everyday example of using this method would be boiling water, melting ice, ice turning into water.
(Something to try)
Take some ice and put it in a pan on the stove. Then turn the stove on and watch the ice melt. You know now that when the ice melts, its at 0 Degrees C. Then its just plain water. As time goes on the temperature goes up, so then the water starts to boil. You know that the water is now at 100 Degrees C. You can see the water turning into water vapor and rising into the air.
wiki video
Units that will be used in the equations will be J/g and J/g Degrees C
example:
How much energy whould it take to raise the temperature of 20 grams of ice at -40 degrees celsius to 125 degrees celsius.
Q=mc∆t
Q=20g x 2.065J/g°C x 40
Q=1652J/g°C

Q=mHf
Q=20g x 334J/g
Q=6680J/g°C

Q=mc∆t
Q=20g x 4.18J/g°C x 100
Q=8360J/g°C

Q=mHv
Q=20g x 2260J/g
Q=45200J/g°C

Q=mc∆t
Q=20g x 2.02 J/g°C x 25
Q=1010J/g°C

1652 + 6680 + 8360 + 45200 +1010= 62902

Ice

Water

Water vapor

All together now!

Newton's Second Law of Motion

18480LP — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 10:37:53 CST

Wiki Video

Newtons 2nd law

Newton's second law says that an object will change velocity if its pushed or pulled upon

The explanaion of this is that the acceleration of an object is determined by the size of the net force(object) and the mass of it.

F=ma

F=force(Newtons)

A=accelaration(9.8m/s2)

M=mass(Grams)

Your eveyday a shoe box and a moving box and dropped it off the top of the stairs. The shoe box would fall faster than the moving box because it has a smaller net force. In other words the shoe box has a smaller area which cause it to fall faster than the moving box

A sample problem of Newton's second law:

A lady pulling a cart with the mass of 35.6 and a force of 707N. What is the acceleration of the cart?

Newton's Second Law of Motion

Unit Conversions

28318js — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 10:22:54 CST

Definition: To change one unit of measurement to another.

Explanation/Notes:

Example: 138 eggs= 11.5 dozen

Write down what you need and put it over 1.
Decide which conversion to use.
Losers will go on the bottom and winners will go on the top. Losers are the term that we want to lose and winners are the term we want to convert to. Since we need to get rid of eggs, they are the losers. Since we need our answer to be dozens, they are the winners.
Cancel the units from the losers.
After you have the winner on top, it is time for the math! Multiply everything on top together and then multiply everything on the bottom together. Finally, simplify the fraction by dividing the number on the top by the numer on the bottom.

Two factor unit conversions- Remember one factor conversions changed only one starting and one ending unit (hours to minutes, etc...). One factor multiple steps were just a series of single factor conversions (hours to minutes, then minutes to seconds etc...)

With two factor conversions one can change two differing starting units into two differing ending units.

Formula:

144 yrs 365 days

1 1 year
Then you cross our years because they are the "losers" and after you multiply you get 52,560 day

Units: miles,feet,dozen,gallon,kilometer,days,yards,centuries,and minutes
*note there are more units,these are just the most common*

Everyday Example: To find out how many liters are in a gallon and how many miles are in a certain amount of feet.

Images:

Sample Problem:

Whiteboard Videos: Unit conversion video link

Helpful WebSite

Calculating Heat of Fusion

19855bh — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 10:21:06 CST

Heat of fusion

Definition:
The heat of fusion is the heat needed to melt 1 gram of a solid at constant Temperature. The quantity of heat that is absorbed during fusion or melting is released during solidification or freezing.

Formula: H=mHf
Units: Joules per gram and/or calories per gram

Notes/Explanations:
Heat of fusion can be observed if you measure the temperature of waters as it freezes. Whenever people try to caculate the heat of something they could use the formula for heat of fusion. For example when scientist caculate the calories that are in a food item they would take the original weight of the item and heat the item after the item is heated they would recored the mass of the item and would get and overall andser in calories per gram.
The temperature at which heat of fusion occurs is called the melting point. The heat of fusion of water is 79.72 calories per gram or 334 joules per gram.

Everyday Example:

(Solid turning into liquid)

Example: Draw and label the following information in the graph below. Freezing point,solid,liquid, and melting point

Whiteboard video

http://www.physchem.co.za/Heat/Latent.htm (Link to other useful websites)

Speed

26043ca — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 10:19:32 CST

Definition: The rate at which something moves or travels; the rate at which something happens or is done.

Explanations/notes: Calculating speed is related to the distance traveled and the time needed to travel the distance as follows(S=D/T); Rate is the change over time and if you think distance as a change in position then speed is the rate at which distance is traveled or the rate of change in position; Average speed describes speed of motion when speed is changing, it is the total distance traveled divided by the total time of travel and can be calculated using the relationship among speed, distance, and time. Changing speed, much of the time the speeds you experience are not constant and instantaneous speed is the speed at a given point in time. Formula(s): Speed=Distance/Time Unit(s): m/s; km/h; and cm/s

Everyday ex.: If a moving car traveled a distance of 25m. And it took 5sec. to travel that distance. Then the car was moving at a speed of 5m/s.

Sample Problem: Fred was riding his scooter from his house to the market. He traveled a distance of 6km. in a time of 2hours. What was his average speed?

This 9mm bullet traveled a distance of D. In the time of T. So its speed is S=D/T

For more information about speed visit this website.

If you would like to see two sample problems worked out go to this page.

This 9mm bullet traveled a distance of D. In the time of T. So its speed is S=D/T

Power

29836jg — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 10:10:58 CST

Unit 6 Work and Machines

Power

Definition: Amount of work done in a certain amount of time; rate at which work is done.

Explanation/Notes: Power is the amout of work done in a certain amount of time and the formulas are power equals work divided by time and power equals energy divided by time. Power is measured in Watts.

Rock Climbers climb at a very slow rate, which keeps they're power small.

Formula: P=W/T & P=E/T

Units: Power is measured in watts (W).

Sample Problem:

Calculate the Power if:

It takes 3 seconds to move a 100 Newton object 25 meters.

W=F*D
P=W/T

D= 25 meters
F= 100 Newtons
T= 3 Seconds

P= (25m)(100N)/3 sec

P= 833.33 Watts

Everyday Example:

If you rockclimb at a slow rate, your power will be slow, but if you rockclimb at a faster rate then your power will increase.

Image:

This picture shows a woman walking and running up the stairs. The work is the same, but more power is needed to do it faster.

More About Power

Video: Sample Problems

Potential Energy

gt18827 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 09:47:21 CST

Potential Energy Wiki Video
Definition:
Potential energy is the stored energy of position possessed by an object.

Explanation/Notes:
An object can store energy as the result of its position. This form of energy has potential to change state of other objects around it. Gravity gives potential energy to any object.

Formula:
PE= Potential Energy
m=Mass
g=gravity
h=height

Units:
m=grams
g=9.8 m/s squared
h=meters

Everyday Example:
An example for potential energy is when a heavy ball of a domolition machine is storing energy in position or a swing.

Image of Potential Energy:

Sample Problem:

Calculate the gravitational potential energy of a 10 kg sack of groceries on a shelf 1 meter above the floor?

PE=(m)(g)(h)

PE=(1 m)(9.8 m/s)(10 kg)

PE=98 Joules

Elements

jm30111 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 09:43:56 CST

Element:

An Element is pure substances made up of only one kind of material.

Notes:

115 elements known-only 90 occur in nature
all elements are made up of the same kind of atom
the smallest particle of an element is an atom
elements are the building blocks of all matter

Units:

There are no units for elements, but there are symbols.

Everyday examples of Elements:

Elements are in our everyday life, for example, when you eat cereal milk is needed, there is calcium in milk, which is an element. Another element is one we could not live without, oxygen. A few more examples if elements are silver, gold, and iron.

Sample Problem:

An element is:

a) Made up of two or more elements which are chemically combined
b) Two or more substances mixed in any proportions
c) Pure substances made up of only one kind of material

An element can be broken into a simpler substance.

A. True B.False

A website we used: http://www.chemicool.com/

link to the elements video: http://eanes.tx.schoolwebpages.com/education/components/docmgr/default.php?sectiondetailid=6107&sc_id=1166196889

Images of elements:

oxygen element

The periodic Table

Newton's First Law of Motion

29335WG — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 09:31:23 CST

NEWTONS FIRST LAW OF MOTION

definition: An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

interpretation: An object just does what its doing until acted upon. eg: bowling balls(object) tend to keep rolling(stay in motion) until they hit pins.

if you are looking for more information on Newton's first law, check out this site: www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/newton's_law_of_motion

Sample Problem: If a ball is rolling down the street at 18 mph (headed north), if it continues in that direction, what speed will it be going in 30 minutes if it isnt acted upon?

http://eanes.tx.schoolwebpages.com/education/components/docmgr/default.php?sectiondetailid=6107&catfilter=1594&timestamp=1166196572#showDoc

Distance vs. Displacement

ev19811 — Fri, 15 Dec 2006 09:29:39 CST

Distance:

the length of the actual path traveles by an object.

Displacement:

the linear or angular distance in a given direction between a body or point and a reference position.

Distance and Displacement are measured in meters (m).

An everyday example:

The distance from home to school is 5 miles the displacement is that you started at home and ended at school.

The distance from the doggys nose
to the bowl is 9 centimeters (cm).

starts at shady oak beach and ends at cedar knoll

Distance and Displacement website

Formula:
D= (S)(T), Distance =Speed x Time

Sample Problem:
Mr. Smiths bike travels at an average of 8km/hr. If he rides to Coach Anderson's house 24 km away, how long does it take to get there?

T=D/S

24 km/8kmhr=

3hrs

wiki video

144 yrs	365 days
1	1 year

Interactive Phun Curriculum - Recently Updated Pages

Mass, weight and Volume

Velocity

Calculating Heat of Vaporization

Charles Law

Chemical Properties and Changes

Videos

Simple Machines

link

Acceleration

Laboratory Equipment

Calculating Heating Curve of Water

Newton's Second Law of Motion

Wiki VideoNewtons 2nd lawNewton's second law says that an object will change velocity if its pushed or pulled uponThe explanaion of this is that the acceleration of an object is determined by the size of the net force(object) and the mass of it.F=ma

F=force(Newtons)

A=accelaration(9.8m/s2)

M=mass(Grams)

Your eveyday a shoe box and a moving box and dropped it off the top of the stairs. The shoe box would fall faster than the moving box because it has a smaller net force. In other words the shoe box has a smaller area which cause it to fall faster than the moving box

A sample problem of Newton's second law:

A lady pulling a cart with the mass of 35.6 and a force of 707N. What is the acceleration of the cart?

Unit Conversions

Calculating Heat of Fusion

Heat of fusion

Speed

Power

Unit 6 Work and Machines

Power

Potential Energy

Elements

Newton's First Law of Motion

Distance vs. Displacement

Distance:

Displacement:

An everyday example:

Distance and Displacement website

Formula:

Sample Problem:

3hrs

wiki video

Wiki Video

Newtons 2nd law

Newton's second law says that an object will change velocity if its pushed or pulled upon

The explanaion of this is that the acceleration of an object is determined by the size of the net force(object) and the mass of it.

F=ma